Postural control is the ability to sustain alignment of the body whilst upright in space. It requires the development of muscle strength for anti-gravity movements, proximal axial control, dynamic co-contraction and mature postural reactions6. To achieve postural control and upright posture, the integration of the vestibular, somatosensory, visual6 and musculoskeletal7 systems, is needed7. The vestibular system is situated in the inner ear and consists of the semicircular canals and the otolith organ. It supports several important functions related to postural control, mobility, balance reactions, the upright positioning of the head in relation to gravity, maintaining a stable visual field, eye movements, postural adjustments, bilateral coordination and autonomic nervous system functions8-10.
sensory integration theory and practice ebook 11
Intervention for postural control in occupational therapy differs, and one programme that can be considered is the Astronaut Train ing Protocol, which was designed, based on the sensory integration framework, to stimulate and integrate the vestibular, visual, and auditory systems and expand on treatment strategies and clinical reasoning24. The protocol allows for stimulation of the vestibular system through rotation, inversion and linear movement.
The Astronaut Training Protocol may be beneficial in the direct treatment of the vestibular system due to the direct stimulation of the semi-circular canals and otolith organs. In terms of treating postural control, it can be hypothesised that using the core activities after vestibular stimulation, anti-gravity movements can be stimulated to strengthen the trunk and neck extensors and flexors required to keep an upright posture. These activities require the appropriate feedback and anticipatory response for the child to adjust their body to master the activity, have a theme and music (which children find enjoyable) and therefore assist in motivation and volition which are important components in the motor learning theory6. The Astronaut Training Protocol is used as an adjunct to sensory-based occupational therapy25 since literature indicates that the vestibular system is the foundation for the postural control needed to maintain and upright posture at the table.
Even though this programme is well-known in many countries, and in addition, is used by 40% of occupational therapists with an interest in sensory integration in the United States of America24, there is no published research on the effectiveness of the programme. Sixty three percent of these therapists use it to stimulate postural-ocular control, 57.9% for oculomotor control and 46.4% for balance skills. On average, this programme is used for up to three months as a sensory-based intervention. No research could be found on the recommended frequency and intensity when using the protocol. There is therefore a need for evidence-based research to assist in the therapist's clinical decision-making when selecting the Astronaut Training Protocol as an intervention strategy.
All participants received 12 occupational therapy sessions in total: eight Astronaut Training sessions (intervention) in conjunction with sensory-integration based occupational therapy, and four sensory-based occupational therapy sessions without the Astronaut Training (Withdrawal). Sensory-based occupational therapy was conducted by the same occupational therapist who also implemented the Astronaut Training Protocol. This therapist was qualified in Ayres Sensory Integration as well as other sensory integration-based interventions such as the Astronaut Training Protocol. All participants received eight sessions for the Astronaut Training Protocol but the frequency depended on participants' schedules.
This on-demand option includes an overview of Dunn's sensory processing framework, on which the test scores are based, and explains how to interpret the results and use these meaningfully to inform clinical practice. This course also includes case studies presented by test authors Winnie Dunn and Catana Brown to illustrate the translation from theory into practice. Participants will have access to this course for one year. This product does not offer AOTA CEs. To earn CEs please purchase product A103000223213 below.
This on-demand option includes an overview of Dunn's sensory processing framework, on which the test scores are based, and explains how to interpret the results and use these meaningfully to inform clinical practice. This course also includes case studies presented by test authors Winnie Dunn and Catana Brown to illustrate the translation from theory into practice. Participants will have access to this course for one year and be able to earn 0.3 AOTA CEs.
This option includes an overview of Dunn's sensory processing framework, on which the test scores are based, and explains how to interpret the results and use these meaningfully to inform clinical practice. This course also includes case studies presented by test authors Winnie Dunn and Catana Brown to illustrate the translation from theory into practice. Price includes up to 40 people per session.
The Safe and Sound Protocol (SSP), developed by Dr. Stephen Porges, is used by mental health professionals, therapists and sensory integration practitioners as an adjunct therapy to help their clients regulate their nervous systems, process external cues and signals more effectively, and attain a grounded state in which they feel safe and receptive.
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_OC_InitNavbar("child_node":["title":"My library","url":" =114584440181414684107\u0026source=gbs_lp_bookshelf_list","id":"my_library","collapsed":true,"title":"My History","url":"","id":"my_history","collapsed":true,"title":"Books on Google Play","url":" ","id":"ebookstore","collapsed":true],"highlighted_node_id":"");Building Bridges Through Sensory IntegrationEllen Yack, Shirley Sutton, Paula AquillaFuture Horizons, 2003 - Psychology - 207 pages 1 ReviewReviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identifiedWinner of the Summer 2015 Academics' Choice Smart Book Award! Written by three experienced occupational therapists, this book offers a combination of theory and strategies. It is a perfect tool for those working with young children, but also broad enough to be adapted for older children and adults. Building Bridges provides creative techniques and useful tips while offering innovative strategies and practical advice for dealing with everyday challenges, including managing behaviors, improving muscle tone, developing social skills, selecting diets, and more. Part one explains the role of the occupational therapists in treatment and examines sensory integration theories. Part two offers methods of identifying sensory problems in children along with numerous strategies and activities.
Ellen Yack, B.Sc., M.Ed., O.T., has practiced as an occupational therapist since 1979 and has a Masters Degree in Education. She currently is the Director of Ellen Yack and Associates Paediatric Occupational Therapy Services, a private agency providing occupational therapy services to children, adolescents and their families in Toronto and surrounding areas. Ellen is also the occupational therapy consultant at the Geneva Centre for Autism. Her areas of expertise include sensory integration, autism spectrum disorders, developmental coordination disorder and learning disabilities. Paula Aquilla, B.Sc., O.T., is an occupational therapist. She has worked with adults and children in clinical, educational, home, and community-based settings. She founded the Yes I Can! Integrated Nursery School, Yes I Can! Summer Camp, and the I Love My Baby Program in Toronto and was the director for six years. Paula was also the founding executive director of Giant Steps in Toronto, an innovative program of intensive therapies, academics, and support services for children with autism spectrum disorder. Shirley Sutton B.Sc., O.T., has worked with children and teens with special needs for over 25 years. She currently has a private practice in Collingwood and also works for Children's Therapy Services of Orillia Soldiers' Memorial Hospital in Early Intervention. In addition to being a well known presenter across Canada, Shirley is primarily a clinician, and currently consults for several Community Living Associations and the Achimota Centre for Children with Autism. Her special interests and training include developmental disorders (including autism), sensory integration, and early intervention.
-and-autism-body-awareness-challenges-for-those-with-asd/ -integration/interoception-the-eighth-sensory-system/ (Amazing book on the interoception topic and how to teach it) -strategies-to-support-a-person-with-autism/
Placing a student on the autism spectrum in a busy classroom with a pair of noise-cancelling headphones and an aide to deal with the inevitable meltdowns is often done in the name of 'inclusion', but this is integration and not inclusive. How can teachers and schools create genuinely inclusive classrooms that meet the needs of every student?Research evidence indicates the strategies that make schools inclusive for students with disability benefit all students. Yet many schools are still operating under twentieth-century models that disadvantage students, especially those with disability. Inclusive Education for the 21st Century provides a rigorous overview of the foundational principles of inclusive education, and the barriers to access and participation. It explores evidence-based strategies to support diverse learners, including specific changes in curriculum, pedagogy and assessment practices, and the use of data. It addresses the needs of children with physical, sensory and intellectual disabilities, as well as those with complex learning profiles, including mental health issues.With chapters from leading experts from Australia and the UK, Inclusive Education for the 21st Century addresses common issues in both primary and secondary schools. Underpinned throughout by research evidence, it is designed to assist educators to develop the deep knowledge required to make inclusive education a reality in all schools. 2ff7e9595c
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